Which of the following describes the late phase histamine response?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes the late phase histamine response?

Late-phase responses after an initial histamine surge are defined mainly by the arrival of inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils, into the affected tissue. While histamine can still contribute to vasodilation, the hallmark of the late phase is the recruitment and accumulation of eosinophils that release mediators causing ongoing inflammation and heightened airway sensitivity. This combination—some continued vasodilation plus eosinophil infiltration—best captures what happens in the late phase. Bronchoconstriction is more typical of the immediate phase, driven by direct smooth muscle contraction, and while airway edema or mucus production can occur, they are not as specifically representative of the late-phase inflammatory cell recruitment as eosinophil involvement is.

Late-phase responses after an initial histamine surge are defined mainly by the arrival of inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils, into the affected tissue. While histamine can still contribute to vasodilation, the hallmark of the late phase is the recruitment and accumulation of eosinophils that release mediators causing ongoing inflammation and heightened airway sensitivity. This combination—some continued vasodilation plus eosinophil infiltration—best captures what happens in the late phase. Bronchoconstriction is more typical of the immediate phase, driven by direct smooth muscle contraction, and while airway edema or mucus production can occur, they are not as specifically representative of the late-phase inflammatory cell recruitment as eosinophil involvement is.

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